Picot Statement Paper Project

Review the Topic Materials and the work completed in NRS-433V to formulate a PICOT statement for your capstone project. Picot Statement Paper Project

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A PICOT starts with a designated patient population in a particular clinical area and identifies clinical problems or issues that arise from clinical care. The intervention should be an independent, specified nursing change intervention. The intervention cannot require a provider prescription. Include a comparison to a patient population not currently receiving the intervention, and specify the timeframe needed to implement the change process. Picot Statement Paper Project

Formulate a PICOT statement using the PICOT format provided in the assigned readings. The PICOT statement will provide a framework for your capstone project. Picot Statement Paper Project

In a paper of 500-750 words, clearly identify the clinical problem and how it can result in a positive patient outcome.

Make sure to address the following on the PICOT statement:

Evidence-Based Solution
Nursing Intervention
Patient Care
Health Care Agency
Nursing Practice

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion. Picot Statement Paper Project

You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. Please refer to the directions in the Student Success Center.

CHICHI-NRS-433VN-RS1-LiteratureEvaluationTable1111-Copy.docx

Literature Evaluation Table

Student Name:

Summary of Clinical Issue (200-250 words):

Hand hygiene is an important practice in any health institution as it not only maintains the health and safety of the patient but also that of the health professional. However, most health professionals do not adhere to hand hygiene practices or do not effectively carry out the practices. This negligence has led to a high prevalence of Hospital Acquired Infections (HAIs) and consequently an increase in morbidity and mortality rates. The World Health Organization has a set of guidelines that dictate proper and effective hand hygiene practices before and after contact with the patient. There are different factors that contribute to this noncompliance of the guidelines. Despite the presence of these influencing factors, studies show that health workers have knowledge on the importance of hand hygiene, yet they choose not to practice these techniques. Other factors include influence from their peers in cases where they opt for methods like putting on gloves instead of hand washing, behavioral motivational factors and work environment factors such as high population of patients or scarce resources. These factors are common in most studies done in different regions across the world. This is an indication that there is need for extra and constant education on the importance of hand hygiene and motivation to the adherence of hand hygiene practices. Picot Statement Paper Project

PICOT Question: For patients and healthcare workers in the hospital (p) does hand washing protocol (I) compared to an alcohol-based solution (C) reduce hospital acquired infection (O) within a period of stay in the hospital (T). Picot Statement Paper Project

Criteria	Article 1 QUANTITATIVE study	Article 2	Article 3
APA-Formatted Article Citation with Permalink	Deochand, N., & Deochand, M. E. (2016). Brief Report on Hand-Hygiene Monitoring Systems: A Pilot Study of a Computer-Assisted Image Analysis Technique. Journal of environmental health, 78(10).	Chatfield, S. L., Nolan, R., Crawford, H., & Hallam, J. S. (2016). Experiences of hand hygiene among acute care nurses: An interpretative phenomenological analysis. SAGE open medicine, 4, 2050312116675098.	Dyson, J., Lawton, R., Jackson, C., & Cheater, F. (2013). Development of a theory-based instrument to identify barriers and levers to best hand hygiene practice among healthcare practitioners. Implementation Science, 8(1), 111.
How Does the Article Relate to the PICOT Question?	The article explains the results of a hand hygiene technique; Computer-Assisted Image Analysis Technique	The article elaborates the effect of the nurses’ perceptions of hygiene is critical in driving practices. Improvements of hand hygiene can reduce the incidences of healthcare-related infections amongst patients.	The article develops an instrument to assess impediments and boosters to HH and ways of adapting theory to practice in HH.
Quantitative, Qualitative (How do you know?)	The study is qualitative using data collected the image analysis	The research employs a qualitative approach using data from eight nurses in different health facilities.	Qualitative. The assessment involved the use of collected data to assess the barriers and levers to HH
Purpose Statement	This new study wanted to find better hand hygiene techniques that were cost effective, less intrusive and more accurate.	The study wanted to investigate whether it is possible to cultivate a culture of hygiene among health care practitioners through consistent reminders for the need to observe one’s attitude to hand washing.	To assess and identify barriers and levers to Hand Hygiene and develop a theory-based diagnosis instrument for HH.
Research Question	Brief Report on Hand-Hygiene Monitoring Systems: A Pilot Study of a Computer-Assisted Image Analysis Technique	How do nurses perceive the significance of their hand washing practices on their patients?	What are the main barrier and levers to Hand Hygiene?
Outcome	Computer Assisted Image analysis is more effective compared to traditional techniques like observation.	The nurses perceive their health practices are perceived differently by the hospitals.	The greater the number of impediments to hand hygiene, the lower the adherence to HH strategies by staff.
Setting (Where did the study take place?)	Western Michigan University	Various hospitals throughout the U.S.	Delphi
Sample	2	Eight nurses in the U.S.A.	A total of 100 medical professionals were asked to assess the top barriers and levers to HH.
Method	Quantitative	Qualitative analysis	Medical professionals were engaged to carry out an assessment of the main barriers and levers to HH.
Key Findings of the Study	5seconds was effective in removing glow germs. Less glow germs were present in subject who used soap in hand washing	Policy-mandated rules and personal hygiene contribute to hand cleanliness among nurses.	As the number of findings become few, the rate of compliance to HH increases and as the number of barriers to HH decreases the level of compliance increases.
Recommendations of the Researcher	Hand image analysis provides effective feedback on hand hygiene and can be used to improve on hand hygiene techniques.	Nurses should be involved in strategizing on the best hand washing plans and strategies to ensure effective results.	There is a need to eradicate or reduce the barrier to HH and increase the levers if full HH is to be realized.

Criteria	Article 4 Good Quantitative Study	Article 5 SYSTEMATIC Review	Article 6
APA-Formatted Article Citation with Permalink	Anna, G. P & Sobala, W. (2013). Observance of hand washing procedures performed by the medical personnel before patient contact part 1 Retrieved from international journal of occupational medicine and environmental health 2013	Sendall, M. C., McCosker, L. K., & Halton, K. (2019). Cleaning Staff’s Attitudes about Hand Hygiene in a Metropolitan Hospital in Australia: A Qualitative Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(6), 1067.	Sung-Ching, P., Tien, K. L., Hung, I., Yu-Jiun, L., Wang-Huei, S., Wang, M. J., & Yee-Chun, C. (2013). Compliance of Health Care Workers with Hand Hygiene Practices: Independent Advantages of Overt and Covert Observers. PLoS One, 8(1), e53746.
How Does the Article Relate to the PICOT Question?	The article shows the results of a study done on hand hygiene techniques performed by health providers before patient contact.	The article explains the attitude of the hospital staff on hand washing and their adherence to the set guidelines	It gives an evaluation of hand hygiene adherence as suggested by the WHO
Quantitative, Qualitative (How do you know?)	Quantitative study done using quasi observational data	The research adapts a qualitative research using data collected from hospitals spread across Australia	Qualitative. The data used to explain the effect of feedback on HH
Purpose Statement	Observing hand washing procedures before patient contact as standard to WHO and CDC guidelines	The study focused on exploring the attitude of hospital staff on hand hygiene and the Australian Hand Hygiene Initiative	The evaluation focused on evaluating the effect of feedback on the performance of HH adherence amongst staff.
Research Question	What hand washing procedures were performed by the medical personnel before patient contact part 1	What is the attitude of the nurses concerning hand washing strategies?	What is the effect of HH reporting on the performance of consecutive hand hygiene
Outcome	There was no relationship between department and compliance to hand hygiene. Health workers in increased risk departments had a higher average time spent washing hands.	The research revealed that there is a need for collective effort from the nurses themselves and the hospitals to constantly remind the staff about hand washing.	Better reporting of HH leads to better HH among staff.
Setting (Where did the study take place?)	3 Hospitals in Lodz province	The study was conducted across different health facilities in Australia	National Taiwan University Hospital
Sample	188 medical staff (Nurses and Physicians)	Twelve cleaners participated in two different focus groups.	A total of thirteen participants in each ward
Method	Quasi-observational study	Qualitative analysis.	Qualitative description
Key Findings of the Study	Average compliance of medical personnel to hand hygiene was as low as 5.2%. Medical personnel washed their hand twice less frequently when feeding patients, taking blood samples and insertion of vascular catheter. Most substituted gloves for handwashing.	Three different attitudes towards hand cleaning were identified: build culture, remind and teach cleanliness values for personal hygiene.	There are key improvements when HH reports are constantly provided to educate the staff
Recommendations of the Researcher	Short hand washing times and noncompliance indicate the need for increased knowledge on hand hygiene and motivation to its adherence.	There is a need to constantly remind staff of the need to clean hands and practice personal hygiene.	Covert observers need to constantly evaluate the adherence to HH and provide reports.

References

Anna, G. P & Sobala, W. (2013). Observance of hand washing procedures performed by the medical personnel before patient contact part 1 Retrieved from international journal of occupational medicine and environmental health 2013

Deochand, N., & Deochand, M. E. (2016). Brief Report on Hand-Hygiene Monitoring Systems: A Pilot Study of a Computer-Assisted Image Analysis Technique. Journal of environmental health, 78(10).

Chatfield, S. L., Nolan, R., Crawford, H., & Hallam, J. S. (2016). Experiences of hand hygiene among acute care nurses: An interpretative phenomenological analysis. SAGE open medicine, 4, 2050312116675098.

Sendall, M. C., McCosker, L. K., & Halton, K. (2019). Cleaning Staff’s Attitudes about Hand Hygiene in a Metropolitan Hospital in Australia: A Qualitative Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(6), 1067.

Sung-Ching, P., Tien, K. L., Hung, I., Yu-Jiun, L., Wang-Huei, S., Wang, M. J., & Yee-Chun, C. (2013). Compliance of Health Care Workers with Hand Hygiene Practices: Independent Advantages of Overt and Covert Observers. PLoS One, 8(1), e53746.

Dyson, J., Lawton, R., Jackson, C., & Cheater, F. (2013). Development of a theory-based instrument to identify barriers and levers to best hand hygiene practice among healthcare practitioners. Implementation Science, 8(1), 111.

Rubric_PICOT490.xlsx

Rubic_Print_Format

Course Code	Class Code	Assignment Title	Total Points
NRS-490	NRS-490-O500	PICOT Statement Paper	75.0
Criteria	Percentage	Unsatisfactory (0.00%)	Less than Satisfactory (75.00%)	Satisfactory (79.00%)	Good (89.00%)	Excellent (100.00%)	Comments	Points Earned
Content	80.0%
Identification of Clinical Problem/Issue	30.0%	Clinical problem/issue is not identified, and resolution is not addressed.	Clinical problem/issue is identified with little discussion of resolution or patient outcome.	Clinical problem/issue is identified but not supported with clinical observations or evidence. The identified problem/issue can be resolved, or a patient outcome shows minimal improvement.	Clinical problem/issue is identified based on clinical observation experience or evidence in literature. Articles are cited to support the need for change in nursing practice. The identified problem/issue can be resolved, or a patient outcome can be improved using nursing interventions.	Clinical problem/issue is identified based on key concepts that define evidence-based practice or clinical experience. Articles are cited to support the need for change in nursing practice. The identified problem/issue can be resolved, or a patient outcome can show a marked improvement through a nursing intervention.
Clinical Problem/Issue, Including Description, Evidence-Based Solution, Nursing Intervention, Patient Care, Health Care Agency, and Nursing Practice	30.0%	Clinical problem/issue is not described with clarity and the corresponding elements are not included.	Clinical problem/issue description includes a basic understanding of the problem/issue and setting, with few of the following elements explained: evidence-based solution, nursing intervention, patient care, health care agency, and nursing practice.	Clinical problem/issue description includes a basic understanding of the problem/issue, the setting, and the patient population. The following elements are explained: evidence-based solution, nursing intervention, patient care, health care agency, and nursing practice. Minimal rationale is provided to support the resolution of the clinical problem/issue.	Clinical problem/issue description includes a thorough understanding of the problem/issue, the setting, the patient population, and why it is a problem/issue. The following elements are explained in detail: evidence-based solution, nursing intervention, and patient care consistent with specific health care agency and nursing practice. Sound rationale is provided supporting the clinical problem/issue resolution.	Clinical problem/issue description includes a developed and thorough explanation of the problem/issue, the setting, the patient population, and the rationale for why it is a problem/issue. The identified clinical problem/issue explains the following elements with detail and clarity: evidence-based solution, nursing intervention, and improved patient care consistent with specific health care agency resulting in nursing practice change. Sound rationale is provided in the discussion of the clinical problem/issue resolution.
PICOT Statement Focused on Resolution, Improvement, Application, and Intervention	10.0%	PICOT statement does not focus on resolution of a problem/issue, improvement of patient care or application of a nursing intervention.	PICOT statement discusses a clinical problem/issue without a focus on improvement or intervention.	PICOT statement focuses on the resolution of a clinical problem/issue that improves patient care through the application of a nursing intervention.	PICOT statement focuses on the resolution of a clinical problem/issue, with discussion of improving patient care through the application of an evidenced-based nursing intervention.	PICOT statement clearly focuses on the resolution of a clinical problem/issue and aims at improving patient care through the application of an evidenced-based nursing intervention.
PICOT Statement Including Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcomes, and Time	10.0%	Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcomes, and Time are not included.	Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcomes, and Time are present, but lack detail or are incomplete.	Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcomes, and Time are present.	Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcomes, and Time are clearly provided and well developed.	Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcomes, and Time are comprehensive and thoroughly developed with supporting details.
Organization and Effectiveness	15.0%
Presentation	5.0%	Paper lacks any discernible overall purpose or organizing claim.	Thesis is insufficiently developed or vague. Purpose is not clear.	Thesis is apparent and appropriate to purpose.	Thesis is clear and forecasts the development of the paper. Thesis is descriptive and reflective of the arguments and appropriate to the purpose.	Thesis is comprehensive and contains the essence of the paper. Thesis statement makes the purpose of the paper clear.
Argument Logic and Construction	5.0%	Statement of purpose is not justified by the conclusion. The conclusion does not support the claim made. Argument is incoherent and uses noncredible sources.	Sufficient justification of claims is lacking. Argument lacks consistent unity. There are obvious flaws in the logic. Some sources have questionable credibility.	Argument is orderly, but may have a few inconsistencies. The argument presents minimal justification of claims. Argument logically, but not thoroughly, supports the purpose. Sources used are credible. Introduction and conclusion bracket the thesis.	Argument shows logical progressions. Techniques of argumentation are evident. There is a smooth progression of claims from introduction to conclusion. Most sources are authoritative.	Clear and convincing argument that presents a persuasive claim in a distinctive and compelling manner. All sources are authoritative.
Mechanics of Writing (includes spelling, punctuation, grammar, language use)	5.0%	Surface errors are pervasive enough that they impede communication of meaning. Inappropriate word choice or sentence construction is used.	Frequent and repetitive mechanical errors distract the reader. Inconsistencies in language choice (register), sentence structure, or word choice are present.	Some mechanical errors or typos are present, but they are not overly distracting to the reader. Correct sentence structure and audience-appropriate language are used.	Prose is largely free of mechanical errors, although a few may be present. A variety of sentence structures and effective figures of speech are used.	Writer is clearly in command of standard, written, academic English.
Format	5.0%
Paper Format (use of appropriate style for the major and assignment)	2.0%	Template is not used appropriately or documentation format is rarely followed correctly.	Template is used, but some elements are missing or mistaken; lack of control with formatting is apparent.	Template is used, and formatting is correct, although some minor errors may be present.	Template is fully used; There are virtually no errors in formatting style.	All format elements are correct.
Documentation of Sources (citations, footnotes, references, bibliography, etc., as appropriate to assignment and style)	3.0%	Sources are not documented.	Documentation of sources is inconsistent or incorrect, as appropriate to assignment and style, with numerous formatting errors.	Sources are documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, although some formatting errors may be present.	Sources are documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, and format is mostly correct.	Sources are completely and correctly documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, and format is free of error.
Total Weightage	100%