G150 PHA15 Structure and Function Quiz Answers

G150 PHA15 Structure and Function Quiz Answers

G150 PHA15 Structure and Function Quiz Answers

Module 1 Quiz

1. What is the state of balance in which the body’s internal environment (factors) remains within normal ranges?

2. What is not a component of a feedback loop?

3. A negative feedback loop reverses or opposes the initial stimulus to return it back into the set point range?

4. The dorsal cavity contains which cavity or cavities?

5. The term that represents a structure further away from the midline of the body when compared to another structure is:

6. This plane divides the body or section of the body into anterior and posterior portions?

7. Physiology is the study of structure within the body while anatomy is the study of function?

8. Within the anatomical position, the rib cage compared to the heart is:

9. Within the anatomical position, the knee compared to the ankle is:

10. Body temperature, along with the majority of factors within the body, are regulated by positive feedback loops?

11. Chemical bonding between two or more atoms is determined by the number of protons in an atom?

12. What answer is NOT true regarding chemical bonds?

13. According to the pH scale, a solution that has pH of 6.5 would be considered:

14. This type of organic compound is the body’s main source of energy and are considered sugars?

15. This type of organic compound is very diverse in its functions, which includes energy storage, structural support and is considered to be fats?

16. This type of organic compound is composed of amino acids and has vital functions in the body such as functioning as enzymes.

17. ATP (adenosine triphosphate), our body’s source of energy, is classified as this type of organic compound?

18. This type of chemical bond is the strongest due to it sharing electrons?

19. What term refers to all of the chemical reactions that occur in the body?

20. What is NOT true of an atom?

G150 PHA15 Structure and Function Quiz Answers

G150 PHA15 S & F Module 2 Quiz

Module 2 Structure and Function Quiz

1. What is NOT true of the plasma membrane?

2. What organelle or structure is the DNA, our genetic material, found within?

3. What organelle is responsible for the production of the ATP, our body’s energy compound?
4. What statement is true of cellular respiration?

5. Diffusion is the movement of molecules from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration?

6. What is NOT true of osmosis?

7. Diffusion is a form of active transport?

8. What is statement is true of cells?

9. The body’s DNA contains the “instructions” or code for cells to produce proteins?

10. Which phase of the cell cycle does the cell divide into two new cells?

11. Muscle tissue is categorized and divided into:

12. This type of tissue has a key function of protection and absorption and is classified according to the shape and layer of cells.

13. This type of tissue is very diverse in the cellular type and typically contains a lot of matrix space; it’s functions includes energy storage and structural support.

14. This type of muscle tissue is striated in appearance, is under voluntary control and allows for body movement?

15. This type of tissue allows for the transmission of electrical impulses that provide communication signals with the body?

16. When comparing tissue types, it is important to examine and compare these characteristics?

17. What is NOT a type of connective tissue?

18. The process of fibrosis tissue repair occurs when damaged cells are replaced by new cells of the same type?

19. This type of connective tissue fiber provides structural support, resist stretch and are the most abundant?

20. Simple squamous epithelium tissue is commonly located in high friction areas of the body?

G150 PHA15 S & F Module 3 Quiz

Structure and Function Module 3 Quiz

1. What layer of the skin are blood vessels found within?

2. This type of cell is responsible for the color and tone of our skin?

3. The melanocytes are found in the dermis?

4. Keratin is a protective and tough protein produced by the keratinocytes when they die within the epidermis

5. This type of gland is the most numerous within our skin and secretes sweat?

6. This type of gland produces and secretes an oil substance that prevents the hair and skin from drying out?

7. A permanent tattoo has ink found in which layer of the skin?

8. This type of skin cancer is the most dangerous and has the highest potential for death?

9. What is NOT a function of the integument system?

10. The epidermis is in a continuously state of shedding old, dead cells and producing new cells to replace the ones lost?

11. What is NOT true of skin burns?

12. Blood cell formation is completed by red bone marrow and is a function of the skeletal system?

13. Which statement is NOT true regarding the bones and the skeletal system?

14. What term is given to the end of long bones?

15. The trabeculae of spongy bone is composed of different cells and structures in the extracellular matrix compared to osteons?

16. What is the outer covering of bones that provides protection to the bone?

17. Which process of bone repair relates to when the broken bones are re-connected by a soft template of tissue?

18. Once the epiphyseal plates close, or are no longer functional, bones cannot grow longitudinally?

19. This bone cell assists in the production or synthesis of new matrix within bone tissue?

20. This bone cell assists in the breakdown of the matrix of bone tissue, releasing calcium into the

bloodstream?

G150 PHA15 Structure and Function Quiz Answers

G150 PHA15 S & F Module 4 Quiz

Structure and Function Module 4 Quiz

1. This type of joint provides the most range of motion for movement?

2. What is released from the nerve axon terminal to stimulate the muscle cell?

3. This type of synovial joint movement involves increasing the angle between bones and the joint space:

4. What best describes a muscle fascicle?
5. This type of muscle is found within internal organs such as the stomach, small intestine, bladder and uterus within women?

6. Muscle cells are filled with specialized proteins that allow for contraction to occur?
7. What is not needed for the process of muscle contraction to occur?

8. What statement is true regarding muscle contraction?

9. ATP is needed in muscle contraction for what process?

10. What is NOT true of muscle cells?

11. The bone that contains the lower socket of teeth and is considered the jawbone is:

12. This large muscle is found in the buttock region of the body:

13. This bone is located in the lower arm on the lateral aspect in the anatomical position:

14. This muscle is considered the shoulder muscle and is commonly a location for medical injections:

15. Which region of the vertebrae is the arrow point to and is commonly referred to as the low back?

16. This muscle is a large superficial lower back muscle as demonstrated in the picture:

17. This is the posterior bone of the shoulder, sometimes referred to as shoulder blade:

18. The region of muscles that the arrow is pointing to is:

19. The bones of the wrist are called:

20. This muscle is the major anterior chest muscle of the body, which the arrow is pointing to within the picture:

G150 PHA15 Structure and Function Quiz Answers

G150 PHA15 S & F Module 5 Quiz

Structure and Function Module 5 Quiz

1. This portion of the brain controls IQ, personality and social judgment?

2. This portion of the neuron contains the nucleus?

3. Grey matter of the central nervous system is a collection of neuron axons?

4. What statement is NOT true of the nervous system?

5. White matter in the central nervous system (CNS) performs the neural integration; in other words the decision-making process and storage of memories?

6. What is true of the meninges, ventricles and cerebral spinal fluid (CSF)?

7. This lobe of the cerebrum is involved in vision perception?

8. This is the largest portion of the brain and allows for your ability to think, feel, see and use social judgment?

9. This portion of the brain allows for balance, coordinated movement of large muscle groups, posture, and overall coordination?

10. This portion of the brain contains nuclei centers that control and regulate breathing, blood pressure and heart rate?

11. The cranial nerves are classified as part of the peripheral nervous system and provide sensory and motor function primarily to the head and neck?

12. What is NOT true regarding the autonomic nervous system (ANS)?

13. The spinal nerves are part of the peripheral nervous system?
14. What is true of cerebral spinal fluid (CSF)?

15. The main function of the neuroglia cells is:

16. What is released at a synapse between two neurons?

17. What is true of the parasympathetic nervous system stimulation?

18. What statement is NOT true of the spinal nerves?

19. The spinal cord relays information from the body to the brain and from the brain to the body via spinal nerve tracts?

20. What region of the brain interprets stimulation and sensations such as pain, touch, and temperature?

G150 PHA15 Structure and Function Quiz Answers

G150 PHA15 S & F Module 6  Quiz

Structure and Function Module 6 Quiz

1. The rod and cones are located in what structure within the eye?

2. The general senses are only found in localized areas of the body, such as the head, and includes pain, touch, and temperature sensation.

3. Which statement is NOT true regarding the special senses?

4. The primary function of this structure in the eye is to refract or bend the light to a specific location on the retina?

5. The rod cells of the eye are specialized cells to help with the vision of color?

6. The size of the pupil is dependent upon which structure of the eye?

7. What choice is NOT needed or required for the sense of hearing?

8. What statement is true regarding the sense of vision?

9. Pain originating from the skin or joint that’s perceived as pain coming from the an organ, such as the liver, is called referred pain?

 10.What statement is NOT true regarding the special senses?

 11.This hormone influences the body’s metabolism rate?

 12.Secretion of this hormone will decrease the blood glucose (sugar) levels?

 13.This endocrine gland secretes a hormone that influences the sleep-wake cycle?

14. The spleen secretes the hormones insulin and glucagon?

 15.Hormones secreted by the hypothalamus and pituitary glands are regulated by a positive feedback loop?

 16.Which endocrine gland secretes hormones that assist the body to adapt to stressful situations, reduces inflammation and prepares the body for physical stimulation?

 17.When blood calcium levels are low, this hormone is secreted?

18. Hormones must bind to a receptor on or in the cell to trigger changes within that cell?

 19.Low energy, fatigue, weight gain, dry skin, hair loss, and constipation are some symptoms associated with a decreased production and secretion of this hormone?

 20.What statement is NOT true regarding the endocrine system?

G150 PHA15 Structure and Function Quiz Answers

G150 PHA15 S & F Module 7 Quiz 

STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION

Module 7 Quiz

 1.What statement is NOT true regarding blood cells?

 2.Blood cells are produced in the red bone marrow found within spongy bone of the skeletal system?

 3.What statement is NOT true regarding red blood cells?

 4.Which type of blood cell assists in the hemostasis process?

 5.The majority of plasma is composed of:

 6.What type of blood type is the universal donor?

 7.What is NOT true about the hemostasis process?

 8.The pericardium is the inner layer of the heart?

 9.Which chamber of the heart pumps blood out to the systemic (body) circuit?

 10.Which chamber of the heart receives blood from the lungs?

 11.The right ventricle will pump oxygenated blood to the lungs?

 12.What is NOT true regarding blood pressure?

 13.What is true of the cardiac conduction system (pacemaker) of the heart?

 14.Which portion of the cardiac conduction system sets the heart rate?

 15.What role do the heart valves have within the function of the heart?

 16.Which blood vessel transports blood from the heart out to the body?

 17.Which blood vessel transports blood back to the heart from the body?

 18.Which blood vessel allows for gas and nutrient exchange to occur between the blood and body?

 19.Veins can influence blood pressure because they can undergo vasoconstriction and vasodilation?

 20.Arteries typically carry blood that is oxygenated?

G150 PHA15 Structure and Function Quiz Answers

G150 PHA15 S & F Module 8 Quiz

Structure & Function Module 8 Quiz

1. What is NOT a function of the lymphatic system?

2. The lymph fluid collected within the lymphatic system is eventually returned to the bloodstream.

3. What statement is NOT true regarding inflammation?

4. Common allergies to tree pollen and animals would be classified as which type of immune dysfunction?

5. This immune dysfunction occurs when the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys its own healthy tissue and cells?

6. What is NOT true of specific immunity?

7. Receiving the flu vaccine is classified as which type of immunity?

8. What is true of a fever?

9. What is NOT true of lymph nodes?

10. Non-specific immunity effectiveness is dependent upon the number of times it is exposed to a pathogen, such as a specific type of bacteria?

11. Which layer of the alimentary canal is exposed to the food we eat and ingest?

12. The primary organ of the digestive system that produces digestive enzymes is the:

13. What is NOT true of the small intestine?

14. Bile and pancreatic juices are secreted into the duodenum of the small intestine?

15. What is NOT true of the digestive system?

16. What statement is NOT true regarding the stomach?

17. This type of nutrient is considered sugars and is the primary energy source for the body?

18. This type of nutrient is utilized by the body for energy storage, structural integrity of a cell, and is used for organ protection?

19. Which nutrient cannot be metabolized (utilized) for the production of ATP (adenosine triphosphate)?

20. Mechanical digestion is dependent upon digestive enzymes?

G150 PHA15 S & F Module 9 Quiz

S & F Module 9 Quiz

1. What is NOT true of the larynx?

2. Gas exchange in the lungs occurs in the:

3. For air to enter into the lungs, the intrapulmonary pressure (pressure within the lungs) has to be higher than the atmospheric pressure?

4. What is NOT true regarding the trachea?

5. What muscle is not involved in the pulmonary ventilation (respiration) process?

6. The pleura of the lungs assist in the pulmonary ventilation and allow the lungs to expand without any friction in the thoracic cavity?

7. The respiratory muscles allow for the thoracic cavity to expand, which increases the lung volume and decreases the intrapulmonary pressure.

8. For oxygen gas exchange to occur between the lungs and circulatory system (blood vessels) there has to be a high concentration of oxygen in the blood vessels and a low concentration of oxygen in the lungs?

9. What is the role of the epiglottis?

10. What statement is true regarding the upper respiratory system?

11. Which portion of the nephron is involved in producing the filtrate from the blood?

12. The urethra transports urine from the kidney to the bladder.

13. What statement is NOT true of the urinary system?

14. Reabsorption of nutrients and substances within the kidneys occurs within the renal tubular portion of the nephron?

15. What is NOT a function of the urinary system?

16. What is NOT true regarding the urethra?

17. The glomerulus is the portion of the nephron that fluid, mostly blood plasma, is filtered out of and is collected in the Bowman’s capsule.

18. What statement is true regarding the kidneys?

19. The term micturition refers to the process of sending urine down from the kidneys to the bladder?

20. What is NOT a step or process involved with urine formation?

G150 PHA15 Structure and Function Quiz Answers

G150 PHA15 S & F Module 10 Quiz 

Structure and Function Module 10 Quiz

1. What statement best describes the role of the epididymis?

2. Erectile tissues are found in the shaft of the penis that fill with blood to allow for erection.

3. Where are sperm produced?

4. The majority of semen consists of:

5. What statement is NOT true of the testes?

6. Which organ of the female reproductive system produces the eggs and sex hormones estrogen and progesterone?

7. What is NOT true of the uterus?

8. During ovulation, a mature egg cell is ovulated from the uterus into the fallopian tube?

9. What is NOT true of the ovarian cycle?

10. What is true of the uterine (menstrual) cycle?

11. What is NOT true regarding the ovaries?

12. What stage of prenatal development does implantation occur?

13. Where is an egg commonly fertilized?

14. What is NOT a change to a female’s body during pregnancy?

15. What does the term locus refer to regarding chromosomes?

16. Where does the implantation of a fertilized egg occur?

17. What is NOT true regarding heredity and chromosomes?

18. During labor, which organ contracts and pushes the fetus out of the female body?

19. Sex-linked X chromosome genetic disorders/diseases will affect females in great proportion when compared to males?

20. What statement best describes the concept of alleles?

G150 PHA15 Structures and Functions Module 11 Final

FINAL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION

 1.This plane divides the body/organ into anterior and posterior sections?

 2.This plane divides the body/organ into superior and inferior sections

 3.Which term best describes the body maintaining a constant internal balance despite changes in the external environment?

 4.Physiology refers to the study of the body’s structure while anatomy refers to the study of the body’s function?

 5.The axilla region is medial compared to the nose?

  6.This type of organic compound is utilized as structural support to cell membranes, acts as a reservoir (storage) unit for energy, and is involved in the production of steroids?

 7.This type of organic compound is utilized in structural support of cells, in the production of enzymes and hormones and is a main component in the contractile units of a muscle cells?

 8.What is NOT true of atoms?

 9.This organelle is responsible for producing our body’s energy source, ATP?

 10.Where is our body’s DNA, genetic material, located?

 11.What is NOT true of the plasma (cell) membrane?

 12.The processes of diffusion and osmosis require energy, ATP, for it to occur?

 13.Cells have to replicate, or make a copy of, its DNA prior to going through mitosis and dividing into two new cells?

14. This type of tissue allows for allows for the transmission of electrical impulses that provide communication signals with the body?

 15.This type of tissues lines hollow organs, covers the outer surface of the skin and functions to provide protection or allow for absorption and secretion of substances?

 16.What statement is true of the skin?

 17.A permanent tattoo will have ink in which layer or layers of the skin?

 18.This type of skin cell is involved in regulating our overall skin tone and color?

 19.Blood cell production is a function of the skeletal system?

 20.A sarcomere stores calcium within the muscle cell?

 21.What is NOT true of the skeletal system?

 22.Which type of joint has the most range of motion?

23. Calcium is a vital component for muscle contraction to occur?

 24.What lower extremity bone is the arrow pointing to?

 25.What upper extremity bone is the arrow pointing to?

 26.What posterior arm muscle is the arrow pointing to?

 27.What lower extremity muscle is the arrow pointing to?

 28.What muscle is the arrow pointing to?

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 29.This cerebral lobe of the brain is involved in our ability to see?

 30.This region of the brain is involved in coordinated movement of large muscle groups, posture, and balance?

 31.The sympathetic nervous system will cause an increase to the heart rate, respiration rate, and cause the pupils to dilate?

 32.What lobe of the cerebrum controls our consciousness, intelligence and conscious movement of muscles?

33. A neurotransmitter is a chemical released from the soma (cell body) of the neuron?

 34.The spinal cord transmits information from the body to the brain only?

 35.This region of the brain controls primitive functions of the body such as, respiration rate, heart rate, sneezing, and coughing?

 36.Which hormone controls the body’s metabolism?

 37.Which endocrine gland secretes hormones that help the body adapt to stressful situations and release hormones that can reduce inflammation?

38. The hormone insulin increases blood glucose (sugar) levels.

 39.What is not a characteristic of the eye?

 40.The cones of the retina allow for color vision and are found concentrated in an area of the eye called the fovea centralis?

 41.The sense of taste and smell both involve the nervous system binding molecules to specialized hair cells in the mouth and nose?

 42.What endocrine gland secretes a hormone that increases the blood calcium levels?

 43.What blood vessel carries blood away from the heart out to the body and typically carries oxygenated blood?

44. What blood vessel carries blood back to the heart?

 45.This type of blood vessel allows nutrient exchange between the blood vessel and body’s cells and tissues?

 46.Which heart chamber receives deoxygenated blood from the body?

 47.This heart chamber will pump oxygenated blood out to the body?

 48.The AV bundle, also called the pacemaker, assists in setting the heart rate of the heart?

 49.What type of blood cell assists in transporting oxygen throughout the body?

 50.What statement is true of type A+ blood type?

 51.What statement is NOT true about hemostasis?

 52.The myocardium of the heart contains the heart muscle that allows for muscle contraction?

 53.What is NOT a classic (or cardinal) sign of inflammation?

 54.When the immune system overreacts to a normal, non-harmful antigen as in the case of allergies, what type of immune disorder is this called?

G150 PHA15 Structure and Function Quiz Answers

55. When the immune system is weaken and cannot optimally perform is normal function, what type of immune disorder is this called?

 56.When a person contracts and gets a cold or infection, what type of immunity is this?

  57.Specific immunity is more effective when it has been previously been exposed to a specific bacteria or virus?

 58.The pancreas makes bile and stores in the gallbladder, which assists in the digestion of lipids (fat)?

 59.The majority of nutrient absorption occurs in what digestive organ?

 60.This nutrient is the primary source of energy (ATP) production for the body?

 61.The diaphragm and abdominal muscles are the main muscle that initiates the pulmonary respiration process to occur?

 62.Where does gas exchange occur within the respiratory system?

 63.What part of the nephron is involved in the glomerular filtration process of urine formation?

 64.The ureter transport urine from the bladder to the outside or external portion of the body?

 65.The stomach main function is to mechanical digest food into a substance called chyme?

66. It is the inner layer of the vagina that is sloughed off during the uterine (menstrual) cycle?

 67.What organ will produce estrogen and progesterone in the female reproductive system?

 68.Fertilization of an egg typically occurs here (first answer), while implantation of a fertilized egg occurs here (second answer)?

 69.What is NOT true of the male reproductive system?

 70.What is not an obstacle sperm face within the female reproductive system?

71. This structure acts as the in between structure between the mother’s blood and baby’s blood?

 72.For an individual to express an autosomal dominant genetic disorder they will have to inherit both copies of mutated gene?

 73.Alleles of a gene can either be dominant or recessive?

 74.What is not a function of inflammation?

 75.What statement is NOT true of cellular respiration?