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BSC 2347 Anatomy and Physiology II Module 7 Quiz Answers

BSC 2347 Anatomy and Physiology II Module 7 Quiz Answers

BSC 2347 Anatomy and Physiology II Module 7 Quiz Answers

  1. Tubular secretion within urine formation is when:
  2. A) Only occurs in the nephron loop
    D) When the blood vessels secrete larger molecules, such as various drug metabolites,

            into the renal tubules

  1. The kidneys secrete a hormone that influences red blood cell production?
  2. A) True
  3. The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is highly regulated because if GFR increases, the amount of urine output decreases?
  4. B) False
  1. Diuretics are a class of drugs that increase the activity of antidiuretic hormone?
    B) False
  1. What is true of a nephron?
    D) They are the structural and functional units of the kidneys
  1. In healthy kidneys, what is not a common substance filtered out of the glomerulus?
    D) Erythrocytes
  1. What is NOT true of the male and female urethras?
  2. A) The female’s urethra is much shorter than a males and therefore doesn’t have an external urethral sphincter
  1. What is NOT true regarding the renal blood vessels? BSC 2347 Anatomy and Physiology II Module 7 Quiz Answers
    D) The vasa recta vessels primarily surround the collecting duct
  1. The nephrons drain the filtrate into the minor and major calyxes that converge to form the renal pelvis and ultimately the ureter?
  2. A) True
  1. What is NOT true of the urinary bladder?
  2. A) It is located within the abdominal cavity
  1. Aldosterone’s main effect is the raise the blood pressure by increasing sodium ion absorption in the nephrons leading to increased water absorption and increased water volume?
  2. A) True
  1. What is NOT true of urine formation?
  2. A) The nephron loop or Loop of Henle function is influenced by antidiuretic hormone
  1. What is NOT true about urine?
  2. C) Red blood cells and proteins are normally found in urine
  3. Relaxation of both the internal and external urethral sphincters is done through conscious awareness?
    B) False
  1. What is NOT true of hormonal control on the nephron?
    C) Atrial Natriuretic Peptide will increase blood volume and blood pressure

BSC 2347 Anatomy and Physiology II Module 8 Quiz

  1. Blood pressure will increase with the increased reabsorption of sodium ions?
  1. Both hypokalemia and hyperkalemia can cause and lead to cardiac arrhythmias?
  1. If the carbon dioxide levels increase within the body, blood pH levels increase?
  1. Metabolic alkalosis can occur from a person vomiting excessively, which will result in a decrease of blood pH levels?
  1. Edema is abnormal accumulation of fluid that occurs within the cells?
  2. The extracellular fluid is about 2/3 of the overall body water content?
  1. If a condition causes an increase amount of carbonic acid due to an increase of carbon dioxide, the overall blood pH will decrease?
  1. Hypercalcemia will result in muscle spasm and tetany?
  1. A rise in plasma osmolality (an increase in electrolytes) will lead to an increase thirst sensation and increase of secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
  1. Hypernatremia can result from an increase of water intake?
  2. The renal system has the greatest influence on the acid-base balance within the body, but takes the longest time to make changes?

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  1. Non-electrolyte solutes create positively or negatively charge ions in water?
  2. If the body is hyperventilating, releasing more carbon dioxide from the body than being produced, H+ion concentration will decrease?
  1. Solutes, especially electrolytes, can change the plasma osmolality that influences the movement of water?
  1. Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) hormone will cause an increase secretion of sodium ions of body resulting in a decrease of blood pressure.

BSC2347 Human Anatomy and Physiology II – Module 8 Case Study

Question 1

Jeff is a 57-year-old male with a long history of type 1 diabetes. He takes insulin to manage his diabetes, but has been having trouble maintaining steady blood glucose levels over the last two weeks. Jeff suffered a week-long case of influenza last month, but is otherwise healthy. This morning, he began vomiting upon waking. This was followed by extreme abdominal pain and extreme thirst. He called his endocrinologist, who told him that he needs to seek emergency care.

Given Jeff’s history of type 1 diabetes, which of the following conditions is he most likely experiencing?

Question 2

Diabetic ketoacidosis is a type of respiratory acidosis.

Question 3

If Jeff has diabetic ketoacidosis, which of the following symptoms may he also be experiencing?

Question 4

To diagnosis his condition, a blood osmolality test is ordered. An abnormally high result could point to all of the following conditions EXCEPT:

Question 5

If Jeff has an acidic condition related to his diabetes, which of the following signs are likely to be present?

Question 6

Briefly explain why Jeff has a feeling of extreme thirst.

Response Feedback: [None Given]

Question 7

Metabolic acidosis results is low blood pH levels and high bicarbonate ion concentration.

Question 8

If Jeff’s condition goes untreated, his body may begin to hyperventilate to compensate for the change in his blood pH levels.

Question 9

Treatment for Jeff’s acidic condition may include all of the following EXCEPT:

Question 10

Kidney failure, cardiac arrest, and cerebral edema are all possible complications if Jeff’s condition is not treated.

Question 11

Hiro is a 46-year-old male who has recently acquired severe food poisoning, which caused 72 hours of frequent vomiting and diarrhea. The third day after his symptoms began, Hiro experienced heart palpitations and confusion. He had trouble answering simple questions and felt disoriented. His care team was concerned about these new symptoms and decided to perform a urinalysis and several blood tests to determine the cause. These are Hiro’s results:

Blood Calcium Level: 4.6 mEq/L

Blood Sodium Level: 140 mEq/L

Blood Potassium Level: 2.9 mEq/L

Urine Specific Gravity: 1.020

Which of the following conditions is Hiro experiencing?

Question 12

Briefly explain why Hiro’s food poisoning led to an electrolyte imbalance.

Response Feedback: [None Given]

Question 13

In addition to what Hiro has already experienced, which of the following symptoms may be related to Hiro’s condition? (Select all that apply.)

Question 14

In Hiro’s case, how is stomach acid related to the loss of potassium?

Response Feedback: [None Given]

Question 15

How is Hiro’s specific gravity level related to his level of hydration?

Response Feedback: [None Given]

Question 16

Hiro’s electrolyte imbalance is caused by vomiting and diarrhea. Which of the following could also cause his condition? (Select all that apply.)

Question 17

Explain how Hiro’s kidneys will help return his potassium levels to normal.

Response Feedback: [None Given]

Question 18

Most of the body’s potassium is found in the:

Question 19

Why do potassium levels have such a strong effect on muscle function?

Question 20

Which of the following treatments would be most appropriate for Hiro?