Walden University Ethical and Cross Cultural Considerations in Testing Essay

2 parts

Discussion 1: Ethical Use of Psychological Measures

Psychologists who use psychological assessments have an obligation to ensure they fully understand the assessment they are using. Many test publishers require anyone who may administer a psychological or psychometric test to get certified to use the assessment. Historically, the American Psychological Association provided guidelines on the educational and experience requirements for using different types of tests. However, the APA withdrew that guidance years ago. In the United States, testing is therefore unregulated. However, you have ethical obligations related to test usage.

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In this Discussion, you will apply APA ethical guidelines to situations where a psychological test or measure might be used.

To prepare for this Discussion:

• Review this week’s Learning Resources on the ethical use of psychological measures.
• Based on the APA ethical code, and other resources you read, consider some of the key responsibilities of a test user (i.e., the psychologist using tests with clients in some form) for the ethical use of psychological measures with clients (i.e., people completing the psychological measure).
• Keep in mind that in the practice of I/O psychology, there are typically at least three parties to the assessment: the psychologist, the respondent, and the organization for whom the psychologist, the respondent, or both may be employed.
• Identify two I/O psychology situations (e.g., selection, coaching, or a program of research) where a psychological test or measure might be used. Consider which APA ethical guidelines you would refer to when determining whether the use of the test is ethical.

BY DAY 3

Briefly describe two I/O psychology situations (for example selection, coaching, or a program of research) where a psychological test or measure might be used. Then, note at least two of the APA ethical guidelines that should be considered when determining if such use is ethical.

Be sure to support your posting with specific references from the Learning Resources and other scholarly sources you found. For this Discussion post, references to online ethical resources from the APA will be considered as acceptable references.

BY DAY 5

Read a selection of your colleagues’ postings.

Respond to at least one colleague who described a situation different than you did and comment on the ethical guidelines chosen. Do you agree or disagree? Why or why not? Are there other guidelines that seem more important or relevant? If so, why?

Be sure to support your response with specific references from the Learning Resources and other scholarly sources in the Walden Library.

Return to this Discussion in a few days to read the responses to your initial posting. Note what you have learned and/or any insights you have gained as a result of the comments your colleagues made regarding your post.

Discussion 2: Translation/Adaptation of Psychological Measures

For the second Discussion this week, you will explore issues related to the cross-cultural adaptation or translation of psychological measures. Measures of psychological constructs have historically been developed first in the United States, and then extended to other English-speaking countries and regions. In the last few decades, as a result of globalization and large multinational organizations demanding assessments in local or regional languages, there has been a significant effort to adapt or translate assessments. The process of adapting an assessment has implications for all of the different topical areas covered in this course.

To prepare for this Discussion:

• Review this week’s Learning Resources on the translation/adaptation of psychological measures. Consider the standards, guidelines, and best practices for translating and adapting psychological measures for use with different languages, cultures, and populations.
• Review the articles on the measure you selected in Week 1 (psychological empowerment, positive and negative affect, and organizational commitment). Pay particular attention to the process the authors used to translate/adapt the measure, including the sample they used and the reliability and validity estimates of the translated/adapted measure.
• Based on the International Test Commission (ITC) guidelines for translation and adaptation in this week’s Learning Resources, evaluate how well the authors met the guidelines and whether their choice of the sample is appropriate for the purpose of the assessment. Then, compare the reported reliability and validity information for the translated/adapted version to the original version of the measure.

BY DAY 4

Evaluate the translation/adaptation of the psychological measure you selected in Week 1 (organizational commitment, positive and negative affect, or psychological empowerment), using the articles in the Learning Resources. Compare the reported translation/adaptation process to the ITC guidelines for translation and adaptation of tests. Then, critique how well the authors met these guidelines. Be sure to include the translation process the authors followed, the sample they used, and whether the sample is appropriate for the purpose of the assessment. Finally, compare the reported reliability and validity information for the translated version to the original version of the measure.

Be sure to support your postings and with specific references from the Learning Resources. For this discussion post references to online Translation and Adaptation guidelines by the ITC will be considered as acceptable references.

BY DAY 6

Read a selection of your colleagues’ postings.

Respond by Day 6 to at least one of your colleagues who reviewed a different measure than you did. Note similarities and differences between their evaluation of the translation/adaptation articles and yours.

Be sure to support your response with specific references from the Learning Resources.

Return to this Discussion to read the responses to your initial posting. Note what you have learned and/or any insights you have gained as a result of the comments your colleagues made regarding your post.