Training Intervention Virtual Roundtable Presentation

Training Intervention Proposal

Kimberly H. Morgan

CED-525: Cross-Cultural Consideration in Counseling

October 28, 2018

Dr. Shelia Witherspoon

Abstract

Often, people become microaggression in that they intentionally or unintentionally insult others through their hostile communication. An example is a cultural bias on the skin color thus resulting in social and emotional effects. Cross-cultural counsellors ought to develop the right attitude, knowledge and skills to effectively intervene in the cases, and promote the well-being of the involved. Again, they need to uphold justice, beneficence, and nonmaleficence in their work as professional counselors.

Summary

At the age of 32, I experienced microaggression in the form of micro insult. On this specific day, my friend who was a Caucasian and I walked into a hotel where we found another couple with the Caucasian origin. On seeing me, they asked whether I was among the service providers in the restaurant, a thing that did not seem a problem to me, it was a passive microaggression. However, I later realized that the lady enquired because I was black and considered inferior thus supposed to perform such informal tasks. Since then, I developed low self-esteem towards interacting with the Caucasians. The incidence affected me both emotionally and socially. I felt terrible for discriminated while the idea of Caucasians considering the blacks inferior prevented my interaction with them.

Objectives

1. Identify the microaggression activities in the societies and their impact on the victims.

2. To determine the mean of enhancing racial harmony.

3. To eliminate racial prejudice among the majority.

Code of Ethics of Psychology

As a counsellor, one is needed to adhere to the following ethical codes. First, he/she needs to uphold justice. One needs to treat people with equality and fairness. Again, one needs to remain beneficence such that he/she works for the good of the individual and society through the promotion of both the mental well-being. Finally, one needs to be nonmaleficence thus avoiding actions that are likely to cause harm to the victims.

Outcome

The primary outcome of the intervention is to promote integration among racial groups and minimize the cases of prejudice. It is expected that the personal counselling will help the victim to get along with the Caucasians and that the later can eliminate the idea that people from the marginalized groups are inferior and that is less important than whites.

Annotated Bibliography

Aleandri, G. (2015). Autobiography as educational, scientific tool in a prison. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 197, 4-9.

According to Aleandri (2015), autobiography will help to identify people in prisons thus identifying the cases of discrimination. Again, learning about the experience of others contribute to learn and understand the reason for the specific behavior.

Beşe, A., & Tanritanir, B. C. (2016). Way to Self-Identity: Examples from African-American Cultural Writings on Problems of Integration. Journal of Graduate School of Social Sciences, 20(1), 45–54. Retrieved from http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=115175608&site

Beşe, A., & Tanritanir (2016) cultural autobiography plays a role in helping the blacks to express themselves. Being the minorities, it gives them the freedom and the autonomy to speak out their minds and hearts.

Hang H. (2015) Cultural Autobiography: A Tool to Multicultural Discovery of Self.

Cultural autonomy enhances self-expression and reflection. It is a way of allowing those that are around people to have a sense of understanding from inside to outside. Individuals get an opportunity to learn from the hardship experienced by other and even consider themselves from the same position.

Multicultural Counseling Competencies

There are three dimensions of the cross-cultural Counselling Competencies. The first one is on the attitude and beliefs. Counsellors need to check their biases and stereotype, developing a positive orientation towards multiculturalism, as well as understanding how prejudice can hinder effective cross-cultural counselling (Tomlinson, 2013). The second requires a skilled counsellor to understand his or her worldview, understand sociopolitical influences, and the specific knowledge of the cultural group one works for. The last dimension deals with the skills required in working with minority groups. Training Intervention Virtual Roundtable Presentation

Discussion Topic: Gender Microaggressions

References

Aleandri, G. (2015). Autobiography as educational scientific tool in penitentiary. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 197, 4-9.

Beşe, A., & Tanritanir, B. C. (2016). Way to Self-Identity: Examples from African-American Cultural Writings on Problems of Integration. Journal of Graduate School of Social Sciences, 20(1), 45–54. Retrieved from http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=115175608&site

Hang H. (2015) Cultural Autobiography: A Tool to Multicultural Discovery of Self.

Tomlinson-Clarke, S. (2013). Multicultural counseling competencies: Extending multicultural training paradigms toward globalization. VISTAS 2013.

Cultural Autobiography Case Study

Kimberly H. Morgan

CED-525: Cross Cultural Consideration in Counseling

September 23, 2018

Dr. Shelia Witherspoon

Microaggressions are verbal, environmental or behavioral indignities that direct negative prejudices towards a marginal group. Microaggression lowers one’s self-esteem and create a feeling of inferiority. They can adversely impact on emotional/ social development, career and academic progress of the victim. Early last year, I experienced microaggression in the form of a microinsult. I was accompanying a friend of mine who is Caucasian to a dinner party. While at the entrance, a Caucasian couple enquired whether I was one of the servers. I did not take note of the statement or its ill intention immediately. Later, I realized that the microinsult was passive-aggressive and had the intention of wounding me or making me feel inferior.

The microinsult was in line with the stereotypes leveled against members of the minority groups. Unlike the dominant white race, there are regarded as being inferior, and unskilled. A server is often viewed as being unskilled and inferior. The couple had a pre-determined that individuals of color handle such tasks. The statement made me feel degraded as a member of the minority communities. It depicted a society where people are judged on a racial basis as opposed to their values. Not only it misleading, but it also lowers the quality of life of the affected persons.

Being a young individual aged 32, I felt that my racial group had in the past been sidelined and discriminated. While I did not exhibit my disappointment during the dinner session, I thought that I did not qualify to be in the hotel or interact with other Caucasian individuals except my friend that was there with me. The feeling has remained to date as I find it hard to interact with Caucasian people I do not know freely. While hatred towards the group does not drive my move, I feel inferior and unskilled. The microinsult made me feel degraded and dehumanized. I had the impression that the couple had zeroed on me as opposed to my friend due to the skin color.

It meant that the inferior groups must be confined within their proper duties and inferiority. Such remarks are intended to keep colored individuals inferior and helpless as compared to other groups. Consequently, there are stigmatized and locked out from empowerment opportunities. Although the offender may innocently be influenced by the widely held stereotypes, microinsults impacts on the social and emotional development. In my case, I became more cautious about attending social events or interacting with white individuals. Emotionally, I felt hurt and often use racial factors to evaluate how I am treated, other groups. Microinsults have adverse impacts on social cohesion and interactions. Training Intervention Virtual Roundtable Presentation

Annotated Bibliography

Kimberly H. Morgan

CED-525: Cross Cultural Consideration in Counseling

October 7, 2018

Dr. Shelia Witherspoon

Aleandri, G. (2015). Autobiography as educational scientific tool in penitentiary. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 197, 4-9.

The article considers the applicability of the cultural autobiography among the people in prisons. According to Aleandri, creating one’s autobiography is the most critical self-training strategy. This is because telling one’s story entails taking a moment for one’s self to recharge and give free reign to the emotions and to be shared with them. Therefore, the article is significant as it provides an insight into the importance of allowing others to learn and understand a person through the reading of their experience and past activities. Based on the study, it indicates the advantages that a psychiatric may have while treating a person whom they have a clear understanding of what might have transpired in their lives; both as children and adults. It is necessary for determining what people ought to alter to people and what not to.

BEŞE, A., & TANRITANIR, B. C. (2016). Way to Self-Identity: Examples from African-American Cultural Writings on Problems of Integration. Journal of Graduate School of Social Sciences, 20(1), 45–54. Retrieved from http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=115175608&site=ehost-live

The article is about the African American way of ensuring self-identification while in the foreign land full of the majority people. Bese & Tanritanir state that the past life of the blacks as slaves and in oppression have a significance on impacting their inability to present themselves before others. The Jim Crow law was to ensure that they were separated from their fellow white citizens. Therefore, cultural biography has brought about the autonomy and the freedom that they lacked to express themselves and even talk about their experiences. Thus, the article is quite useful to the study; considering that the study is based on the inequality between the majority and the minorities. It will be used as a source of information on the factors that promote inequality in the United States, as well as the anticipated change with the use of autobiographies.

Farrell, Laura, et al. “Autoethnography: Introducing ‘I’ into Medical Education Research.” Medical Education, vol. 49, no. 10, Oct. 2015, pp. 974–982. EBSCOhost, doi:10.1111/medu.12761.

This is a medical article that focuses on autoethnography; a strategy that allows clinician-educators to conduct a study about their culture and share the findings with others. In this case, the authors consider it necessary to include the cultural autobiography that identifies and differentiates each one of them from the rest. Hence, it becomes easy to allocate duties and topics to research. One’s experience determines his/her ability to perform the task given to them. For that reason, the article is quite relevant and can be applied in all sectors. Employers in all industries can use the applicant’s cultural autobiography to determine their ability and capabilities in the organization. In the study, it will be used to provide insight into the relevance of writing one’s experience and including cultural factors as a way of selecting a well-performing employee.

Hang H. (2015) Cultural Autobiography: A Tool to Multicultural Discovery of Self.

The article considers cultural autobiography as a way of ensuring self-expression and reflection. It enables people as well as those around them to develop some sense of understanding from the inside to the outside. It includes understanding the hard pleasant moments that one have ever had in life. Thus being in a position to treat them as per their expectation and in a manner that causes no harm to them. For people like psychiatrists that deal with the mental problems in the society, it is necessary to have a record of the past events that one has undergone. Thus being in a position to offer them the appropriate help, it is useful to the study because it elaborates on how the autobiography concept can be used to integrate the aspect of multiculturalism. Training Intervention Virtual Roundtable Presentation

Hollinsworth, D. (2013). Forget Cultural Competence; Ask for an Autobiography. Social Work Education, 32(8), 1048–1060. https://doi.org/10.1080/02615479.2012.730513

Hollinsworth states that management practices seek to standardize and routinize practices through the evaluation of processes and work in a formulated manner, with the aim of minimizing risks and being cost effective. Therefore, cultural competence has become the source of expert knowledge and skills. For instance, social workers are continuously encouraged to an emphasis on the social and cultural biography to ensure that they understand what matter in their client’s lives. Thus, they will be able to offer assistance as required and meet their needs effectively. The article is essential in the study as it brings about the cases of ensuring that all services meet the requirements of the client. It gives an understanding of how professionals like psychologists can increase their effectiveness through the use of the cultural autobiography to learn and understand their patients. It promotes the need for harmony between the client and the service provider.

Leavitt, L., Wisdom, S., & Leavitt, K. (Eds.). (2017). Cultural awareness and competency development in higher education. IGI Global.

The Authors of the article state that cultural autobiography gives people an opportunity to present their heritage as well as identify factors that make up the cultural identity. These include one’s race, nationality, ethnicity, social class, geography, together with their gender orientation. The ability to put down the unspoken words on the paper is the first step in enjoying privilege and dominance in the society. The article is relevant to the study, the authors argue that the major reason for preparing a cultural autobiography is to allow others to reflect on how everyone in the society participate in the perpetuation of the privilege. Since it relates to my study topic, it will be used as the basis for the research. It gives clear insights on the privileges that comes with personal identification to others. It cans also be used to indicate different factors that determines one’s way of treatment in the American society.

Mihaela E. (2018). Teachers’ Cultural Autobiography as Means of Civic Professional Engagement. Educational Philosophy and Theory. Accessed from https://eric.ed.gov/?q=cultural+autobiography&id=EJ1172642

The article presents the way the author moved from being a communist to capitalist, as well as from the system of banking to the teaching of the oppressed to problem-posing education. According to Mihaela, personal experience is a way of emigrating internally as well as a part of a struggle through self-actualization and self-understanding. Again, he proposes that the justice system may allow children from cultural and ethnic backgrounds to practice m the diverse backgrounds to be able to exercise the transfer of knowledge from personal to the local perspective. The process is not only for an individual but also for the benefit of others. The article is relevant in that it stipulates the relationship between the cultural autobiography and one’s ability to perform in the society. Thus, it can be a good source for explaining how the experience influences the wellbeing of an individual; especially when interacting with others. It enables one to understand their ability in different fields and positions. Training Intervention Virtual Roundtable Presentation

Neumann, C. B., & Neumann, I. B. (2017). Power, Culture and Situated Research Methodology: Autobiography, Field, Text. Springer.

The publication by Neumann & Neumann states explains cultural autobiography from the employment point of view. According to the authors, predetermined information enhances preunderstanding among the interviewers. This increases the level of knowledge among the employers especially concerning the experience of the job. As a result, it minimizes time consumption during the interviews. About the case study, the article is quite relevant and significant. It states that people ought to understand the capability and skills of others for them to judge on their ability to perform their designs. The information can be used to address the cases of assumption and discrimination that see the African Americans being considered unworthy and incapable of performing quality tasks. Cultural autobiography is also necessary to ensure that people remain sensitive to words and actions against others

Shakur, A. (2016). Assata: an autobiography. Zed Books Ltd.

The publication is on the autobiography of the author, which helps the reader to understand the society that people live in. The author explains how the racial discrimination she experienced during her childhood, as well as a black woman, affected her way of life. She argues that racism is the primary factor for promoting the need for identity among the Black people. She explains several experiences that she believes made her be the target for the police. The publication provides a general explanation on why people need to know the life people have led before judging or treating them in a particular manner. About the study, it will help bring into light how cases of discrimination among people can result in the prevalence of social and psychological issues. Thus, with the understanding, it is easier for the practitioners to understand the most appropriate way to handle the problems.

Wang, Q. (2016). Why should we all be cultural psychologists? Lessons from the study of social cognition. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 11(5), 583-596.

Wang calls attention on the psychologists to focus on the need for cultural autobiography while providing counseling. According to him, it is not enough for the personnel to have an understanding of the cultural psychology. Among the reasons he stipulates for the need of the autobiography is that cultural psychology is only concerned about finding the group differences and not similarities, it is worried about the analysis of group-level and not the fundamental processes of psychology. Though it is relevant, the article will not be used as the basis in the study. However, it will provide adequate knowledge on the influence of inspirational autobiography on conducting activities among the professionals. The knowledge obtained will be used to describe why there are still cases of bias in social services; thus leaving the minorities suffering. Inequality stimulates the provision of differentiated services; especially in the United States where there are the majority and the minority. Training Intervention Virtual Roundtable Presentation

References

Aleandri, G. (2015). Autobiography as educational scientific tool in penitentiary. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 197, 4-9.

BEŞE, A., & TANRITANIR, B. C. (2016). Way to Self Identity: Examples from African-American Cultural Writings on Problems of Integration. Journal of Graduate School of Social Sciences, 20(1), 45–54. Retrieved from http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=115175608&site=ehost-live

Farrell, Laura, et al. “Autoethnography: Introducing ‘I’ into Medical Education Research.” Medical Education, vol. 49, no. 10, Oct. 2015, pp. 974–982. EBSCOhost, doi:10.1111/medu.12761.

Hang H. (2015) Cultural Autobiography: A Tool to Multicultural Discovery of Self.

Hollinsworth, D. (2013). Forget Cultural Competence; Ask for an Autobiography. Social Work Education, 32(8), 1048–1060. https://doi.org/10.1080/02615479.2012.730513

Leavitt, L., Wisdom, S., & Leavitt, K. (Eds.). (2017). Cultural awareness and competency development in higher education. IGI Global.

Mihaela E. (2018). Teachers’ Cultural Autobiography as Means of Civic Professional Engagement. Educational Philosophy and Theory. Accessed from https://eric.ed.gov/?q=cultural+autobiography&id=EJ117264

Neumann, C. B., & Neumann, I. B. (2017). Power, Culture and Situated Research Methodology: Autobiography, Field, Text. Springer.

Shakur, A. (2016). Assata: an autobiography. Zed Books Ltd.

Wang, Q. (2016). Why should we all be cultural psychologists? Lessons from the study of social cognition. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 11(5), 583-596.