Question #2. Describe the cardiac cycle (include conduction, contraction, heart sounds and EKG information).

Question #3. Describe the factors that increase blood pressure (negative feedback involved in blood pressure regulation).

Question #4. Describe the responses involved in non-specific immunity.

Question #5. Describe cell-mediated immunity (antigen presentation, antigen recognition, activation and cellular response). Include both CD8 and CD4 T cells.

Question #6. Describe antibody-mediated immunity (antigen presentation, antigen recognition, activation and cellular response).

Question #7. Describe the events, pressures and muscles involved in inhalation and exhalation.

Question #8. Describe how breathing is regulated through the negative feedback control of PCO2, PO2 and pH. BIOS 255N Week 8 Final Exam Solutions – Essay Papers

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Devry BIOS255N Week 4 Midterm Exam Answers

Question 1. Question : (TCO3) Which of the following is a major function of blood?

Student Answer: production of enzymes

production of neurotransmitters

transduction of pressure

transportation of heat

contractility

Question 2. Question : (TCO3) Which of the following blood types is a person whose blood cells were agglutinated by anti-A serum but not by anti-B serum nor by anti-Rh serum

B positive

O negative

O positive

A negative

Question 3. Question : (TCO3) Which of the following formed elements in blood only temporarily move through the blood before they become fixed in the tissues as macrophages?

thrombocytes

monocytes

basophils

eosinophils

Question 4. Question : (TCO3) Reduced vitamin B12 absorption from the small intestine due to reduced intrinsic factor production from the stomach results in a condition called

aplastic anemia

megaloblastic anemia

pernicious anemia

iron deficiency anemia

Question 5. Question : (TCO3) Serum is

plasma without the clotting factors

the same as lymph

formed during the first step in blood clotting

pulmonary interstitial fluid

Question 6. Question : (TCO3) Which of the following precursor cells give rise to T-cells?

meyloblasts

lymphoid stem cells

proerythroblast

megakaryoblast

Question 7. Question : (TCO3) Which of the following opposes the action of thromboxane A2 by inhibiting platelet adhesion and release?

fibrinogen

plasmin

antithrombin

prostacyclin

Question 8. Question : (TCO3) Myeloid stem cells reside in

the yellow marrow

the thymus gland

the red marrow

the spleen

Question 9. Question : (TCO1) The tough, inelastic dense connective tissue that surrounds the heart is called the

pleura

serous pericardium

fibrous pericardium

epicardium

Question 10. Question : (TCO1) During heart transplants, the ______ nerves are severed resulting in a faster resting heart rate (approximately 100 beats per minute) after the transplant

cardiac accelerator

vagus

phrenic

cervical spinal

Question 11. Question : (TCO1) Which of the following factors lead to depressed cardiac output?

alkalosis

hypoxia

all of the above

none of the above have any depressive effects on the heart

Question 12. Question : (TCO1) If a person’s resting heart rate is 70 and their resting stroke volume is 60 ml of blood, then their cardiac output is _______ L/min

4200

4.2

130

1.3

Question 13. Question : (TCO1) The purpose of the foramen ovale during fetal life is to

have the blood bypass the liver

have the blood bypass the lungs

have the blood bypass the placenta

have the blood bypass the brain

Question 14. Question : (TCO1) Heart murmurs are often heard in individuals with abnormalities in the ____ of the heart.

myocardium

SA node

AV node

endocardium

Question 15. Question : (TCO1) Which of the following electrocardiogram (ECG) waves represents ventricular repolarization?

Q wave

P wave

S wave

T wave

Question 16. Question : (TCO1) Which part of the brain contains the cardiovascular center that regulated heart rate?

cerebrum

medullar oblongata

cerebellum

thalamus

Question 17. Question : (TCO1) Which layer of the heart is comprised of epithelial cells?

epicardium

endocardium

pericardium

serous pericardium

Question 18. Question : (TCO2) Which of the following categories of hypertensive drugs lower blood pressure by blocking the formation of angtiotensin II, which results in vasodilation and decreased aldosterone secretion?

ACE inhibitors

Beta blockers

calcium channel blockers

anabolic steroids

Question 19. Question : (TCO2) Which of the following categories would an individual with a blood pressure of 145/95 be placed in?

high normal

prehypertension

stage 1 hypertension

stage 2 hypertension

Question 20. Question : (TCO2) Which of the following effectors would NOT be activated as described below in response to hypovolemic shock?

kidneys conserve salt and water

heart rate increases

systemic arterioles vasodilate

heart contractility increases

Question 21. Question : (TCO2) Which of the following blood vessels have high pulsing blood pressure?

internal jugular vein

median cubital vein

inferior vena cava

none of the above

Question 22. Question : (TCO2) During fetal development, the blood from the pulmonary veins are shunted into the pulmonary arteries by the

foramen ovale

ductus venosus

placenta

ligamentum arteriosum

Question 23. Question : (TCO2) Most capillaries throughout the body are

sinusoids

portal systems

vasoconstrictory throughputs

continuous

Question 24. Question : (TCO2) Capillaries are also referred to as

vasoconstrictors

vasodilators

pressure reservoirs

distributing vessels

Question 25. Question : (TCO2) The volume of blood that circulates through the systemic blood vessels in one minute is called

tidal volume

cardiac output

cardiac reserve

total peripheral resistance

Question 26. Question : (TCO3) What is the pulse pressure of a person that has a systolic pressure of 150 mm Hg with a diastolic pressure of 90 mm Hg?

Question 27. Question : (TCO3) Determine the mean arterial pressure for a patient with an average systolic pressure of 120 mm Hg with a mean diastolic pressure of 60 mm Hg:

Question 28. Question : (TCO3) What is the resting cardiac output (in liters) of an athlete with a stroke volume of 75 ml and a resting heart rate of 60 beats/minute?

Question 29. Question : (TCO3) The same athlete during exercise has a heart rate of 180 beats/minute with an increase of stroke volume to 125 ml. What is their cardiac output during exercise?

Question 30. Question : (TCO3) What is the cardiac cycle for a person with a resting heart rate of 80 beats per minute?

Question 31. Question : TCO3) What is the name of  the blood vessel that supplies the face and head (except the brain) with oxygenated blood?

Question 32. Question : TCO3) What is the name of the blood vessel that is the distal extension of the external iliac artery as it enters the leg?

Question 33. Question : (TCO3)  What is the name of the blood vessel that drains deoxygenated blood from the medial aspect of the forearm?

Question 34. Question : TCO3) What is the name of the vein that is found behind the kneecap on the posterior surface of the leg?

Question 35. Question : (TCO3) What is the name of this blood vessel that is highlighted?

Question 36. Question : (TCO3)  List and briefly describe the three mechanisms used to reduce blood loss from a damaged blood vessel.

Question 37. Question : (TCO1) Define arrhythmia and discuss different categories of arrhythmias.

Question 38. Question : (TCO2) What is a portal vein? Describe the hepatic portal circulation and its functional significance